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Johann Balthasar Neumann (; 27 January 1687 – 19 August 1753), usually known as Balthasar Neumann, was a German architect and military artillery engineer who developed a refined brand of Baroque architecture, fusing Austrian, Bohemian, Italian, and French elements to design some of the most impressive buildings of the period, including the Würzburg Residence and the Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, called Vierzehnheiligen in German. The Würzburg Residence is considered one of the most beautiful and well proportioned palaces in Europe and the Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers is considered by some as the crowning work of the period. Neumann was an architect of St. Paulinus' Church in Trier, designing most of the internal elements. His final work is the Church of the Visitation of Mary, a masterpiece of the Baroque style located near Eltmann am Main. ==Early life== Neumann was born in house No. 12 on Schiffgasse street, Eger, Kingdom of Bohemia, now known as Cheb, Czech Republic, the seventh of nine children of cloth-maker Hans Christoph Neumann. He was baptized on 30 January 1687. His first apprenticeship was spent working at the foundry of his godfather Balthasar Platzer, but he changed at the beginning of the 18th century to Sebald Koch in Würzburg where, in 1711, he received his apprenticeship certificate. In 1712, he joined the Franconian artillery as a private because this was the only path to follow for Neumann to have a military career as an engineer. He perfected his skills through studies in the field of fortress architecture. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Balthasar Neumann」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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